4337 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
briskly to IV fluids ... - Responds to fluid ... Failure - Restrict fluid ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Extrarenal hypotonic fluid ... • Hypertonic fluid ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... are caused by prerenal ... Trial isotonic fluids ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Third spacing of fluids ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
extracellular fluid ... intracellular fluid ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
hemodialysis and fluids ... shifts may be in cause ... Types #cardiology #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... osmotic gradient and fluid ... ⁻ increase may cause ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... extracellular fluid ... diuretics for fluid ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
uropathy, Metabolic causes ... characterized by excessive fluid ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Clinical Trial of Fluid Infusion Rates for Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Kupperman et al. NEJM 2018

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1716816
Study
Clinical Trial of Fluid ... generally our biggest causes ... evidence that IV fluid ... administration is not the cause ... out what does cause