16 results
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Cord Injury ... Anterior Medial Thigh Hip ... Sphincter None #SpinalCord ... differential #diagnosis #Neurology ... #Spine
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... bladder and rectal reflex ... and #Acute #SpinalCord ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Brissaud's Sign

If the patient did not have his toes ... is there a sign that can
patient did not have his ... the plantar skin reflex ... to the cortico-spinal ... #Neurology #clinical ... #physicalexam #pyramidal
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... syphilis, and HIV ... unilateral) #SpinalCord ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
cord infarct • HIV ... lower extremity reflexes ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... wink test - reflex ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
• Infectious: HIV ... , Hepatitis, Syphilis ... Malignancy: Paraprotein-associated ... (POEMS syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
, HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #cord #spinalcord ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Lesions of the spinal ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... aminotransferases • Serology ... ) ANCA titers, hepatitis ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... of intrathecal spinal ... management #treatment #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive ... Definition: HIV-Associated ... dementia Pathophysiology ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology