41 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Dehydration • Heart ... failure (a.k.a. ... cardiorenal syndrome ... ) • Liver failure ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Hypervolemic - Heart ... syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... by Classification ... MI - Severe heart ... failure exacerbation ... #Table #CriticalCare
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... • Congestive heart ... failure • Cirrhosis ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... • Congestive heart ... failure • Cirrhosis ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Differential Diagnosis ... depletion - Heart ... failure - Cirrhosis ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... #Table #Causes
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Urine Na < 20: Heart ... failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Mechanism Renal Failure ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
: Hypovolemia, Heart ... failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... Hyponatremia #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology