34 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... due to increased bone ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... D) Increased bone ... Paget's disease of bone ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... #diagnosis #differential
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay -
different types of bone ... • Aneurysmal bone ... #Tumors #Diagnosis ... #Bony #Differential ... peds #pediatrics #msk
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... MultipleEndocrineNeoplasia #Differential ... #Endocrinology ... Classification #Diagnosis
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... • Aneurysmal Bone ... Histiocytoma #Primary #Bone ... #Bony #Tumors # ... Tumours #MSK #Differential
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... @kdjhaveri #Hypercalcemia ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Bone Tumor Location within the Skeleton

Epiphysis: 
Only a few lesions are located in the epiphysis, so
Bone Tumor Location ... degenerative subchondral bone ... #Bone #Tumor #Location ... #MSK #Differential ... #Bony
Diagram of different types of bone tumors that can occur around the knee on XRay -
different types of bone ... ) • Enostosis/bone ... docskalski #Knee #Bone ... #Bony #Differential ... #msk #lesions #