1645 results
How SGLT2 inhibitors block glucose reabsorption in proximal tubule and improve systemic glucose homeostasis:
https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(18)30633-4/fulltext

#Pathophysiology #Mechanism #Nephrology
How SGLT2 inhibitors ... Pathophysiology #Mechanism #Nephrology ... #SLGT2 #Inhibitors
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
Extrarenal Proton pump inhibitor ... Tyrosine kinase inhibitors ... - Calcineurin inhibitors ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS ... others SGLT2 INHIBITORS ... summary #table #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Hypovolemia • RAAS inhibitor ... • Calcineurin inhibitor ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Pathophysiology of Euglycemic DKA in SGLT2 Inhibitors
 • Kidney: Glycosuria, Natriuresis, ↑ Ketone bodies reabsorption
 •
Euglycemic DKA in SGLT2 Inhibitors ... #DKA #SGLT2i #Inhibitors ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Acromegaly, FGFR inhibitors ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
activity, Calcineurin inhibitors ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Theophylline, Proton pump inhibitors ... , Calcineurin inhibitors ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ... some overdoses Inhibitors ... Hypertension Inhibitors ... Ca2+ crystals Inhibitors ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology