11 results
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Osborn (J Wave) ... Osborn #JWave #Diagnosis ... #Differential # ... Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
metastases, Infection (e.g ... Metabolic causes (e.g ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Diagnosis Algorithm ... solute intake (e.g ... • Diabetes Insipidus ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... • Diabetes Insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
of Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... concentration (e.g ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperthyroidism • Diabetes ... Liver Failure • Hypercalcemia ... • Drug Abuse (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
of Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Excess ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Low EABV (e.g ... Aldosterone • Diabetic ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN • Diabetes ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Segment Elevation - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... be seen in: • Hypothermia ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #ecg #ekg #electrocardiogram