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diagnosis management hematology differential oncology signs symptoms syndrome algorithm sle classification hemolytic leukemia neurology workup arteritis chronic crisis druginduced erythematosus
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
, CLL Acute leukemias ... -> AML: Blast crises ... - infiltrates (anemia ... ) CLL Symptoms: ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... ITP • SLE • CLL ... HUS • DIC • Vasculitis ... #Hematology
Aortitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Non-Infectious Aortitis: • Vasculitides: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), Takayasu's arteritis, Cogan's Syndrome,
Non-Infectious Aortitis: • Vasculitides ... : Giant Cell Arteritis ... ANCA associated vasculitis ... (RA), Systemic lupus ... Differential #Diagnosis #rheumatology
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations Risk Factors: - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
Giant Cell (Temporal ... - Normocytic Anemia ... - Giant cells ... palpation - Vasculitic ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... , CLL, lymphoma, ... Extravascular #Causes ... #anemia
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... hair follicles -> causes ... UV light Incr cell ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... Manifestations #pathophysiology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e. increased
stored red blood cells ... hypoxemia - Sickle cell ... anemia #Oxyhemoglobin ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Causes
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
smear: Smudge cells ... or basket cells ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... workup #oncology #hematology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... Post-strep GN, Lupus ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... diagnosis #algorithm #rheumatology
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