30 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... malignancy #associated #hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Elevated PTH (High ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... transplant - SLE High ... Ketoconazole Low ... Beta-Blockers #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... , ileal loop ... Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diabetic nephropathy ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #causes
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia
 • Aggressive IV hydration
 • IV Bisphosphonate +/- Calcitonin
 • Renal
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... : Dalysis with low ... Volume overload: Loop ... diuretic • Lymphoma ... Denosumab #hypercalcemia