44 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Causes of Prolonged Emergence - Anesthesiology

Prolonged Drug Action:
• Overdose 
• Hypothermia (< 33 C) 
• Incr
Causes of Prolonged ... interaction Metabolic ... Causes: • Hypoxia ... hyperglycemia • HONK ... imbalance: — hyponatræmia
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... failure, nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... Systemic (toxic/metabolic ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... #diagnosis #neurology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... aldosteronism #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes