142 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
- Na-K-2Cl cotransporter ... , K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
structural heart disease ... Congenital heart disease ... structural heart disease ... Channelopathies: Long/short ... Arrest #cardiology #differential
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Approach to Anemia - Differential ... Thalassemia • ACD ... Non-hemolytic: ACD ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... #Algorithm #Differential
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
90%:
 -
and Mimics - Differential ... Vasculitis - Anti-GBM Disease ... in APL - Cardiac ... , mitral valve disease ... #Mimics #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Eosinophilia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Eosinophilia
Primary Eosinophilia:
 • Primary hypereosinophilic syndrome
 • Eosinophilic Leukemia
 • MPN/MDS
Eosinophilia - Differential ... ), Heme malig (AML ... , CML, T-cell leuk ... , Behcet disease ... #Eosinophilia #Differential
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Autoantibodies and their Disease ... Anticentromere - CREST syndrome ... Anti-Scl-70 - Scleroderma ... La) - Sjogren's syndrome ... Goodpasture's syndrome
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology