19 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
: • Autoimmune ... (AIHAs) • Alloimmune ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... 2) External (RBC ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... 3) Internal (RBC ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Warm Antibody Autoimmune ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... Warm #Antibody #Autoimmune ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Framework for Hemolysis ... Immune-mediated: - Autoimmune ... idiopathic) - Autoimmune ... • Intrinsic RBC ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... and RES-mediated hemolysis ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... elliptocytosis - RBC ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... Morphology Microcytic RBC ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune ... Agglutinate: Cold autoimmune ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... hypertension • Unusual RBC ... acanthocytes - Consider RBC ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
, PBC, PSC, IgG4 ... • Bilirubin: RBC ... cardiac muscle, RBC ... • LDH: Heart, RBC ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
transform into a RBC ... : Autoimmune, Microangiopathic ... hemolytic anemia ... , Intrinsic RBC ... Production #Index #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... anemia, CKD • Hemolytic ... Spherocytosis, G6PD, PK, HbC ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology