20 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
tubulointerstitial nephritis ... Fatty - Nephrotic ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... • Hyaline casts ... #nephrology #casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... , urine microscopy ... Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Interstitial Nephritis ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #Interstitial #Nephritis ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Epithelial cell casts ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology