16 results
Opisthotonos on Physical Examination

Opisthotonos in a 5 day baby referred from a peripheral facility with jaundice
Opisthotonos on ... Examination Opisthotonos ... DDx: Kernicterus ... TheIntern254 #Opisthotonos ... #Kernicterus #clinical
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia ... common hereditary hyperbilirubinemia ... • Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia ... rarely results in kernicterus ... and stress may cause
Approach to Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

1. Definition: T.bili elevation + >20% conjugated
2. Obtain RUQ
to Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ... non-ICU vs ICU causes ... #Conjugated #Hyperbilirubinemia
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia ... posthepatitis hyperbilirubinemia ... reactions) Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia ... miscellaneous causes ... #differential #causes
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
- Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ... Hepatic - Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Approach to Neonatal Jaundice

Causes of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia can be classified as due to (1) increased bilirubin
Neonatal Jaundice Causes ... of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Multiple Myeloma Hyperbilirubinemia ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Interference • Hyperbilirubinemia
Causes of Growth Discrepancy: Large for Gestational Age - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Maternal Factors:
 • Multiparity
 •
Causes of Growth ... Perinatal asphyxia • Hyperbilirubinemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Medical conditions: hyperbilirubinemia ... Urine: • Any cause ... dyes typically cause