31 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... transient hemolysis • Treatment ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • Acute or Chronic ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
: 70 years old, ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... only curative treatment ... #Management #treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
, Chronic disease ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... , Paroxysmal cold ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)
Tests:
 • MCV/RBC - RBC ↓ in proportion to the ↓ in hemoglobin
Iron Deficiency Anemia ... (IDA) Tests: ... Iron #Deficiency #Anemia ... #Fe #diagnosis # ... hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
- Differential Diagnosis ... infection • Solid organ ... malignancies • Anemia ... hemorrhage) • Chronic ... #Causes #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... • Infections: Chronic ... #Algorithm #hematology
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... in those with CLD ... months without treatment ... Failure #Cirrhosis #Hepatology ... gastroenterology #management #diagnosis
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
• Symptoms of anemia ... anemiaCold ... Test: Donath-Landsteiner ... test #cold # ... #hematology #diagnosis
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
- Differential Diagnosis ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Laboratory Tests ... #hematology