119 results
COVID-19 Life Cycle

#COVID19 #LifeCycle #Timeline #Pathophysiology #Diagnosis
Cycle #COVID19 #LifeCycle ... #Timeline #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
convoluted tubule (PCT ... Henle's loop (TAL) - Active ... tubule (DCT) - Active ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... Tubules #Table #Pharmacology
Benzodiazepines: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
 • Decr spinal cord activity -> Muscle relaxant
Decr spinal cord activity ... amygdala-centered circuit activity ... cerebral cortex activity ... Benzodiazepines #Psychiatry #Pharmacology ... #pathophysiology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Pseudohypoaldosteronism - Decreased activity ... (V2) receptor activity ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Patterns of Diseases on MRI FLAIR - Differential Diagnosis
ADEM, Adreno-leukodystrophy, CADASIL, CNS, Lymphoma, High-Grade Glioma, HIV
- Differential Diagnosis ... Migraine, MS: Active ... Tumefactive, NMO, PRES, PML ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Magnesium Absorption and Pathophysiology 
Magnesium Absorption: 
 • absorbed in the GIT — small intestine, Saturable
Absorption and Pathophysiology ... intestine, Saturable active ... reabsorbed in PCT ... Magnesium #Absorption #Pathophysiology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... : plasma renin activity ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Modified penicillin binding proteins as mechanism of resistance to antibiotics.
Penicillin Binding Proteins (Transpeptidases) cross link peptidoglycan
antibiotics like PCN ... cephalosporins bind PBPS active ... the PBPS so that PCN ... again remains active ... Proteins #AMR #PBP #pharmacology
Leishmaniasis Life Cycle
1) Sandfly takes a blood meal (injects promastigote stage into the skin)
Human Stages:
2) Promastigotes
Leishmaniasis #LifeCycle ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology