18 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Echinostomiasis - Echinostoma Life Cycle
1) Unembroynated eggs passed in feces
2) Embryonated eggs in water
3) Miracidia hatch
#Echinostoma #LifeCycle ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... cdc #parasite #fluke
Clonorchiasis - Clonorchis sinensis Life Cycle
1) Embryonated eggs passed in feces.
2) Eggs ingested by the snail
Clonorchis #sinensis #LifeCycle ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... cdc #parasite #fluke
Fasciola hepatica - Liver Fluke Life Cycle - Fascioliasis 
Ruminants are the typical definitive hosts.
1) Unembroynated
hepatica - Liver Fluke ... . 7) Immature flukes ... ducts. 8) Adult flukes ... hepatica #LiverFluke #LifeCycle ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
convoluted tubule (PCT ... acid and most diuretics ... filtered Na+/K+/Cl ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... Tubules #Table #Pharmacology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Saline or osmotic diuresis ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #medications ... #drugs #pharmacology
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
Medications causing ... • Dehydration: Diuretics ... Kidney #Injury #Medications ... #Drugs #pharmacology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... pressure: - Cl ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Medications ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... STOP offending medications ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis