3069 results
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Airways: 
 • Bronchitis
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Paragonimus westermani, PNA ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #causes
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
Influenza, EBV, PNA ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
• Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... bacteremia) Duration: PNA
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... like DKA, sepsis, PNA ... exposure Symptoms: Nausea
Serious Bacterial Illness (SBI):
1) UTI and pyelonephritis
Most common cause of SBI
Accounts for 3-8% of uncharacterized fevers
Female
pyelonephritis Most common cause ... sinuses unformed) PNA
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
TB, Necrotizing PNA ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #causes
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... Most Common Causes ... Infection: TB, NTM, PNA ... moderate-to-severe cases ... Laboratory: • ANA
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... Vasculits: ANCA, ANA ... Anti-GBM, Anti-ds-DNA ... , C3/C4, ENA, immunoglobulins ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Autoantibodies in Rheumatology
 • Lupus (SLE): ANA (anti-nuclear antibody), dsDNA (double-stranded DNA), Anti-Smith, Anti-Ro (SSA) and
• Lupus (SLE): ANA ... double-stranded DNA ... Anti-centromere, Scl-70 (DNA ... topoisomerase I), RNA
Drugs Causing Acute Pancreatitis

Class Ia: The medications in which there was a rechallenge and other causes
rechallenge and other causes ... out other common causes ... Class II: Cases ... and atleast4 case ... #Pancreatitis #Causes