137 results
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... HISTORY/PHYSICAL Assess ... are caused by prerenal ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Encephalitis, Brain Abscess ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cerebellar / Brainstem Abscess ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... consciousness • No access ... to water GI loss ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
Rouleaux Flow on POCUS ... Amazing video ... the RBCs to clump ... for underlying cause ... Jugular #IJ #Vein #POCUS
Dizziness - Central and Peripheral Causes - Differential Diagnosis
Central Causes:
 • Cerebrovascular:  vertebrobasilar, TIA, Wallenburg,
and Peripheral Causes ... Diagnosis Central Causes ... vertebrobasilar, TIA ... Meningitis, Cerebellar abscess ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... intake: • Lack of access ... to water Extrarenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... Nephrology if cause ... Hematuria #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... to Acute Interstitial ... Nephritis When to ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Independent: • Tea ... Responds briskly to ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology