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differential algorithm causes hypokalemia hyperkalemia treatment kidney urine aki hematology metabolic syndrome workup alkalosis crrt hematuria high infectiousdiseases injury interpretation
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... • Acute renal ... diet • Blood ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Fluids Shift potassium ... (if preserved renal ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal PRE-RENAL Impaired perfusion: •
Causes of Acute ... • Sepsis • Blood ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Acute #Kidney ... #Differential #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... #blood #urine
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... screen, including blood ... #nephrology #causes
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
Kidney Stones Acute ... Surgical Rx: • ACUTE ... protein - Low ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
and decreased renal ... blood flow: Pre ... immune reaction • Acute ... KidneyDisease #nephrology ... pathophysiology #renal
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