22 results
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... sodium and serum ... sodium low, uric ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Persistent ... sediment - WBC/ ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Algorithm - Utilizing ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... WBCs, or urine ... → Refer to Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Workup
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... glomerulonephritis • WBC ... EricsMedicalLectures/ #Casts #Urine ... #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... sediment Microscopic ... casts → Diagnostic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... causes #urology #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... uric acid >4 • Urine ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
glomerular hematuria (RBC ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis