153 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... - Differential ... Hypersplenism, Infection ... #Anemias #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
cold agglutin disease ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... inclusions - If infection ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Causes of Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis
Inherited
 • Membrane
 • Internal
    - Hemoglobin
Causes of Hemolytic ... Anemia - Differential ... Internal - Infectious ... #Anemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Intravascular Hemolysis ... - Differential ... circulation - Infections ... Extravascular #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... malignancy, autoimmune disease ... Fevers, DAT (-) → Infection ... #Anemia #Differential
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... esp if severe disease ... Polyclonal: - Infection ... AIHA #Treatment #management ... #hematology
Causes of Splenomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious
 • Bacterial
 • Viral (EBV)
 • Parasitic
 • Fungal
Congestive
Splenomegaly - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Infectious ... Serum Sickness Hemolytic ... Spleen #Enlarged #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - Differential ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... reticulocytes • Hemolysis ... • Blood smear: Differential ... Anemia #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology