22 results
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Left Shift (↓ O2 unloading to tissue), Left = Lower:
 • ↓ H+ (↑
Oxygen-Hemoglobin Dissociation ... Curve Left Shift ... Temperature Right Shift ... Oxygen #Hemoglobin #Dissociation ... #Curve #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... vomiting) • Low ... Transcellular shifts ... Algorithm #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Transcellular Shift ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation ... Curve Left Shift ... Oxyhemoglobin #Dissociation ... #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... EABV, Low Plasma ... Plasma HCO3- • Low ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium
Pathophysiology Of Constriction
Exaggerated Ventricular Interdependence:
 • Limited Cardiac Filling due to Fixed Volume → Septum Shifts
Pathophysiology ... Volume → Septum Shifts ... Intrathoracic-lntracardiac Dissociation ... #pericarditis #pathophysiology ... #cardiology #dissociation
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology ... 2,3-DPG which shifts ... the oxygen dissociation ... weakness (defined as low ... -DPG causing a shift
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology ... the cell, serum potassium ... hypokalemia (or low ... potassium levels ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis - Illness Script
 • Epidemiology: Asian men age 20-30 with hyperthyroidism of any
and menses • Pathophysiology ... Hypokalemia +/- low ... • Treatment: Potassium ... hyperthyroidism, Potassium