827 results
Melanoma Pathogenesis

Environmental exposure (UV light) + genetic susceptibility (CDKN2A, CDK4, MC1R, BRAF, p16/ARF genes) → accumulation
repair → melanocyte proliferation ... #Pathophysiology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
findings Mild Non-proliferative ... Moderate Non-proliferative ... spots Severe Non-proliferative ... Venous beading Proliferative ... complications #pathophysiology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
combination -> Incr proliferation ... activates hyper-proliferative ... apoptosis -> Stromal proliferation ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
Organs -> Promotes proliferation ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
causing fibroblast proliferation ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
parenchyma -> Bacterial proliferation ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... Spontaneous if high proliferation
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Increased metabolic demand of growing eye
-> Excessive VEGF production ->
fibrovascular proliferation ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Acid Lympho-proliferative ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology
Allergic Rhinitis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

1. Allergy Sensitization -> Antigen Exposure -> APC (macrophages, HLA class
), bone marrow proliferation ... Rhinitis #Rhinorrhea #pathophysiology