2169 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Miscellaneous - Bone Resorption ... - Calcium Reabsorption ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
↑ bone reabsorption ... ↑ tubular reabsorption ... Hypophosphatemia: ↑ bone reabsorption ... ↓↓ tubular reabsorption ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
, ↑ PO4- reabsorption ... Kidneys: ↑ Ca2+ reabsorption ... , ↓ PO4- reabsorption ... , PO4- reabsorption ... Pathophysiology #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
intestinal calcium absorption ... and stimulates resorption ... Stimulate calcium reabsorption ... kidney, Stimulates resorption ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
increased bone Ca2+ resorption ... increased GI Ca2+ absorption ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Intake / Absorption ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #endocrinology
Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Ttype 2 Overview

HCO3 reabsorptive failure
Lowering of threshold for HCO3 absorption in
Overview HCO3 reabsorptive ... threshold for HCO3 absorption
Glucose-lowering medication in type 2 diabetes - Algorithm

#Diabetes #Medications #Algorithm #Pharmacology #Pharmacotherapy #Hypoglycemic #Management #Endocrinology
type 2 diabetes - Algorithm ... #Medications #Algorithm ... Hypoglycemic #Management #Endocrinology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
tubule (PCT) - Reabsorption ... Isosmotic reabsorption ... Secretion and reabsorption ... loop - Passive reabsorption ... (TAL) - Active reabsorption
AACE/ACE 2018 Glycemic Control Algorithm

#AACE #2018 #Glycemic #Diabetes #DM2 #Control #Medication #Algorithm #Endocrinology #PrimaryCare #Management
Glycemic Control Algorithm ... Control #Medication #Algorithm ... #Endocrinology