4496 results
Penetrating Muscle Injury from Stab Wound on POCUS

What is the most likely etiology for this finding?
Resolution:
Stab Wound on POCUS ... Resolution: Penetrating ... Differentiate from ... #Stab #Wound #POCUS
Right Heart Strain on POCUS Echocardiogram - Apical 4 Chamber

To differentiate acute from chronic right heart
Heart Strain on POCUS ... Chamber To differentiate ... Resolution: in the ... RightHeart #RV #Strain #POCUS
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
intestinal calcium absorption ... and stimulates resorption ... Stimulate calcium reabsorption ... kidney, Stimulates resorption ... Pathophysiology #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Miscellaneous - Bone Resorption ... - Calcium Reabsorption ... Hypercalcemia #Differential
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
↑ intestinal absorption ... ↑ bone reabsorption ... ↑ tubular reabsorption ... Hypophosphatemia: ↑ bone reabsorption ... ↓↓ tubular reabsorption
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
, ↑ PO4- absorption ... , ↑ PO4- reabsorption ... Bones: ↑ Bone resorption ... Bones: ↓ Bone resorption ... , PO4- reabsorption
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
increased bone Ca2+ resorption ... increased GI Ca2+ absorption ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #differential
Serotonin Syndrome - THINK: FAST
 - FAST onset
 - FAST movements (agitation, akathisia, HYPERreflexia)
 - FAST
HYPERreflexia) - FAST resolution ... HYPOreflexia - SLOW resolution ... Toxicology #Comparison #Differentiate
The Pathophysiology of Fat Absorption and Causes of Malabsorption (steatorrhoea)

#Fat #Malabsorption #Pathophysiology #Differential #Steatorrhea #Diarrhea #Diagnosis
Pathophysiology of Fat Absorption ... Pathophysiology #Differential
Oral Hypoglycemics in Diabetes Management
1  INSULIN SENSITIZER
 • TZD 
     -
Diabeta) 3 CARB ABSORPTION ... slows gut starch absorption ... tubule glucose reabsorption