19 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal ... failure, Addison's ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Immobilization • Adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... RTA) Type 1 - Failure ... with proximal features ... salt diet #Renal ... Acidosis #RTA #types #classification
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hormone–independent Renal ... failure, acute ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

General 
 - Malaise 
 - Clubbing 

Cardiac 
 - Murmurs
Clinical Features ... Murmurs - Cardiac failure ... Mycotic aneurysm Renal ... Endocarditis #Symptoms #Signs ... #Features #PhysicalExam
Classification of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) and Treatment of Metabolic Abnormalities of TLS
Laboratory TLS:
 • Uric
Classification of ... Intravenous fluids • Renal ... failure - Dialvsis ... hydroxide • Hyperkalemia ... treatment • Hypocalcemia
Bedside Classification of Shock

Hypovolemic shock 

- Vomiting, diarrhea, overdiuresis 

- Hemorrhage (GI, peritoneal, RP) 

Distributive shock
Bedside Classification ... Septic shock - Adrenal ... Pancreatitis RV failure ... Table #Diagnosis #Features ... #Signs
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... • Chronic Renal ... Failure • ... laxatives) #Hypocalcemia ... Algorithm #PTH #endocrinology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Diabetic acidosis - Renal ... • Chronic renal ... failure • ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Renal Failure → ... malignancy #associated #hypercalcemia ... algorithm #management #endocrinology