253 results
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Antibody) and ANCA ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... Anti-Ro/SSA ... 80-90%) > MPO - ANCA
Autoantibodies in Rheumatology
 • Lupus (SLE): ANA (anti-nuclear antibody), dsDNA (double-stranded DNA), Anti-Smith, Anti-Ro (SSA) and
Anti-Smith, Anti-Ro ... Syndrome: Anti-Ro ... Polymerase Ill • ANCA ... Vasculitis: P-ANCA ... perinuclear), C-ANCA
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Disease Associations ANA ... SLE Anti-SSA (Ro ... Graves' disease c-ANCA ... granulomatosis p-ANCA
Glomerulonephritis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
ANCA:
 • C-ANCA: GPA (Wegener's)
 • P-ANCA: Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic GPA (Churg
Diagnosis Framework ANCA ... : • C-ANCA: GPA ... Wegener's) • P-ANCA ... diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... Negative IF): • PR3-ANCA ... (C-ANCA): GPA > ... > eGPA • MPO-ANCA ... (P-ANCA): eGPA,
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Associated - ANCA ... proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA ... Granulomas - ANCA ... Granulomas - ANCA ... tract, and often causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits: ANCA ... , ANA, Anti-GBM, ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Summary
Antinuclear (ANA) - 95% - Initial screening test
Anti-dsDNA - 50%
 • Associated
Antinuclear (ANA ... activity Anti-Ro
Causes of Purpura - Differential Diagnosis
Non-PalpabIe → Palpable
 • Thrombocytopenia (HIT, ITP/HUS), Coagulation defects (DIC, warfarin
Causes of Purpura ... cryoglobulins, IgA), ANCA ... nonpalpable #palpable #Causes
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
10% of all lupus cases ... Workup: - ANA ... - Rare - pANCA ... Discontinuation of causal ... Positive in 60-80% of cases