13 results
SGLT2 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits SGLT2 (sodium/glucose cotransporter 2) in the proximal tubule,
- Pharmacology Summary ... CV mortality in high ... • Euglycemic diabetic ... #DM2 #diabetes ... #endocrinology
DPP-4 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase 4), which normally inactivates GLP-1
- Pharmacology Summary ... not definitively cause ... #Pharmacology #Summary ... #DM2 #diabetes ... #endocrinology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... glycosides • High ... • Calcineurin inhibitor
Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated FSH
 • Premature Ovarian Failure
 • Menopa use
 • Spontaneous
Bleed With
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism • Diabetes ... Abnormalities High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Drug-induced • High ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... drugs • ACE inhibitors ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
- Pharmacology Summary ... CV outcomes in high ... not definitively cause ... #DM2 #diabetes ... #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
of re-feeding syndrome ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - caused ... seen with SGLT inhibitors ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... NSAIDs • ACE Inhibitors ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Acquired Disorders of Reduced Bone Strength: Pathogenesis
 • Hyperparathyroidism
 • Vitamin D deficiency
 • Malabsorption syndromes
Malabsorption syndromes ... • Smoking • Diabetes ... • Other causes ... • Aromatase inhibitors ... #BoneStrength #pathophysiology