43 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–related ... Other humoral syndromes ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
• Serotonin Syndrome ... , Tachycardia, Dilated ... SSRI Withdrawal Syndrome ... Dizziness - Nausea ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea ... Vomiting Serotonin Syndrome ... , Tachycardia, Dilated ... gain Incr NE: Nausea ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... gland structure-related ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #endocrinology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Normal Variant, Delayed ... 21 • Noonan Syndrome ... • Turner Syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes #pediatrics
Adie's Pupil on Physical Exam

Adie's pupil is a neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil
by a tonically dilated ... It is caused by ... infection which causes ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #syndrome
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... meals • Various debated ... agent • Does not cause ... #Metformin #Pharmacology ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pathophysiology ICH Management ... • High CO2 = dilated ... BV = raises ICP ... Pathophysiology #neurology ... #neurosurgery #management
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Regular and mildly dilated ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology