51 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Intracellular Shift ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... solute intake, Renal ... @NephroMD #hyponatremia ... differential #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... • Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... perspiration Renal ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Transcellular Shift ... Tumor Lysis • Metabolic ... PO4 < 20%: • Renal ... Context of Impaired Renal ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... GI losses • Renal ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... GI losses • Renal ... osmole intake #Hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Altered Level of Consciousness GCS < 7 - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Brain Involvement - Hemispheric
Causes of Altered ... Excesses • Liver/Renal ... Dioxide Narcosis • Metabolic ... Acidosis • Hypernatremia ... deficiency • Hyponatremia