29 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Diagnosis and Management
 • Distal (type 1) RTA
 • Proximal (type 2)
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... (RTA) Diagnosis ... type 2) RTA • Hyperkalemic ... #Tubular #Acidosis ... #nephrology #table
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Increased Serum K = Hyperkalemic ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... tract obstruction, Chronic ... nephropathy - Drugs
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... failure • Chronic ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
- Differential Diagnosis ... artery stenosis • Drugs ... • Diabetes • Hypertension ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Diabetic acidosis ... - Renal ... • Chronic renal ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... tubal acidosis ... Hypothyroidism, Stress, Drugs ... : • Acute or chronic ... Hypervolemia, UNa
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential Diagnosis ... (multi-drug resistance ... ) Renal Parenchymal ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... the existence of hypertension ... • Renal tubular ... acidosis (type ... #differential #diagnosis
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Acute and chronic ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... - Drugs - ... SIADH Renal hypovolemic ... #Table #Causes