12 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Diabetes ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus ... #DI
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Central vs Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus - Desmopressin Challenge
Give desmopressin (intranasal, SQ, IV) and monitor UOsm every
vs Nephrogenic Diabetes ... #Nephrogenic #Diabetes ... #Insipidus #DI ... Desmopressin #Challenge #diagnosis ... #nephrology #testing
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Poorly controlled diabetes ... Diabetes Insipidus ... • Nephrogenic DI ... #Causes #nephrology
Two-step Copeptin algorithm for differential diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Baseline Copeptin < 21.4 pmol/L:
 • Arginine-stimulated
for differential diagnosis ... of Diabetes Insipidus ... #Diabetes #Insipidus ... #copeptin #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... ATPase Nephrogenic diabetes ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine osm (in DI ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis • Diabetic ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis