62 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Immobilization • Adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased ... renal potassium ... excretion • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... high: • Post-renal
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... breast, lung, renal ... , adrenal, prostate ... lung cancer • Renal ... #Causes #endocrinology
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... Hypercalcemia - ... Renal Failure → ... #Treatment #algorithm ... #management #endocrinology
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
or enemas - Treatment ... Rhabdomyolysis Increased renal ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency, adrenal
Infographic depicting the main pearls of various types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia for the medical student.
of congenital adrenal ... #CAH #algorithm ... diagnosis #comparison #treatment ... #Peds #Endocrinology ... #Adrenal #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... hormone–independent Renal ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Chronic Renal ... laxatives) #Hypocalcemia ... #PTH #endocrinology