26 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... #Endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Causes #Oncology #Radiology
Osteoarthritis (OA): X-ray features 
 - Joint space narrowing (least specific)
 - Subchondral Cysts (pockets of
space narrowing (least ... (Thickening of bone ... directly under the areas ... of bone-bone contact ... Osteoarthritis #OA #Xray #radiology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Breast, Kidney, ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone ... #Endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism (low TSH, High T4/T3) - Diagnostic Algorithm

Radioactive iodine scan – get if concern for nodular
) - Diagnostic Algorithm ... if pregnant or breast ... Hyperthyroid #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #Endocrinology
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
Malignant Bone Tumors ... • Metastatic bone ... • Metastatic bone ... metastasis: • Breast ... BoneTumors #Malignant #Radiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
D) Increased bone ... Paget's disease of bone ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Male Gynecomastia - Watery Breast Discharge on Physical Exam
At presentation, our patient had bilateral gynaecomastia and
Gynecomastia - Watery Breast ... #Gynecomastia #breast ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video ... #endocrinology