27 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Solid Tumors: Lung ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... in adults - Breast ... • Aneurysmal Bone ... Histiocytoma #Primary #Bone ... #Bony #Tumors #
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
metastasis: • Breast ... look whiter than normal ... • Lung. thvroid ... and tumor (Ill-defined ... BoneTumors #Malignant #Radiology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... , Renal Cell, Breast ... Pathophysiology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
D) Increased bone ... Paget's disease of bone ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Breast, Kidney, ... Lung) • Cytokine-Mediated ... Bone Resorption ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Fascicle (Other CN Ill ... Trauma • Tumor (Lung ... , Breast, Thyroid ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Short Stature - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Chemotherapy • Bone ... Celiac, IBD) • ... endocrinology #causes
Hand X-Ray Anatomy and Interpretation Checklist
1. Soft tissues - Look carefully at the soft tissue over
the underlying bone ... the trabecular pattern ... deviation from normal ... Other areas - Last ... Interpretation #Checklist #radiology
Focal Periphyseal Edema (FOPE lesion) - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Arrows identifying the characteristic edema-like signal
This abnormal signal ... characteristic "starburst" pattern ... physeal fusion and bone ... (save $$) Differential ... • Bone contusion