21 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... #causes #endocrinology
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign Cystic 
 • Cyst
 • Polycystic Liver Disease
 • Caroli's
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Lung, Colon, Breast ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Thyroid - Lung - Renal ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... - Differential ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cystic:
 • Benign 
     - Simple: Simple
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - secondary - Breast ... #Mass #Differential ... #Causes #Hepatology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... Cell, Breast Cancer ... Pathophysiology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
ALP) Elevation - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Liver (80%) ... Intestine - Other causes ... Pregnancy - Renal
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... D) Increased bone ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Treat with a high ... Heart failure, liver ... #causes #nephrology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Breast, Kidney, ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone