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Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
electrolytes, urea ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Urine Na/K/Cl/urea ... protein/Cr - Renal ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic ... #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... at least 50% Renal ... multiple myeloma) • Urate ... Sjögren) Post-Renal ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Leptospirosis
Pathogen: Leptospira (interrogans, kirschneri, noguchii)
Risk Factors:
 • Occupational exposure - Farmers, ranchers, trappers, veterinarians
 • Recreational
Overcrowded urban areas ... non-productive cough, nausea ... Disease: Jaundice + renal ... failure • Severe pulmonary ... Epidemiologic exposure + clinical
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Framework BRADI Mnemonic ... Bradycardia • Renal ... Hyperkalemia Pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... cardiology #BRADI #Mnemonic
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... acidosis/Chronic renal ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Sulfa Crystals on Urine Microscopy
Sulfa Crystal!  Drug-induced crystalluria is a cause of acute renal failure
crystalluria is a cause ... of acute renal ... #crystalluria #clinical ... #nephrology