22 results
Differential Diagnosis for ST Segment Elevations
 - ACUTE STEMI 
 - PULMONARY EMBOLISM 
 - LBBB
Differential Diagnosis ... PERICARDITIS - HYPERKALEMIA ... REPOLARIZATION - HYPERCALCEMIA ... ANEURYSM - LVH (HIGH ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Hyperkalemia after Missed Hemodialysis - Initial electrocardiogram showed peaked T waves and a prolonged QT segment
Hyperkalemia after ... Hemodialysis - Initial electrocardiogram ... A) #Clinical #Cardiology ... #EM #EKG #Hyperkalemia ... #PeakedT #NEJM
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... Findings Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Thiazide diuretics #Hypercalcemia ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Syndrome (TLS) Tumor Cell ... -> Allantoin (High ... Precipitation => • Urate ... Ca-Phos nephropathy (high ... • Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia ... Thrombocytosis: cells ... plasma [K+] #Hyperkalemia ... #Differential #
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Elevated PTH (High ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of ... production: Small cell ... , Breast Cancer, ... @kdjhaveri #Hypercalcemia ... Pathophysiology #Differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... Drugs Causing Hyperkalemia ... Metabolic acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... cantaloupe #hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... Normal, Renin High ... uropathy • Sickle-cell ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... nephrology #potassium #differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... • Non-small-cell ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential