11 results
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of ... Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... , Breast Cancer, ... @kdjhaveri #Hypercalcemia ... #Malignancy #Pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... Findings Causes of Hypercalcemia ... • Malignancy ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... Causes #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Hyperkalemia after Missed Hemodialysis - Initial electrocardiogram showed peaked T waves and a prolonged QT segment
Hyperkalemia after ... Hemodialysis - Initial electrocardiogram ... A) #Clinical #Cardiology ... #EM #EKG #Hyperkalemia ... #PeakedT #NEJM
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... Syndrome (TLS) Tumor Cell ... Precipitation => • Urate ... Hypocalcemia • Hyperkalemia ... Syndrome #TLS #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... disease of bone Malignancy ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... • Non-small-cell ... cancer • Renal cell
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
in adults - Breast ... Aggressive, Non-Malignant ... • Giant Cell ... Leiomyosarcoma • Malignant ... Causes #Oncology #Radiology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pharmacology and Pathophysiology ... pumped outside the cell ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... from entering the cell ... #cardiology
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
Malignant Bone Tumors ... aka. cancerous cells ... metastasis: • Breast ... #BoneTumors #Malignant ... #Radiology #Diagnosis
Melanoma tumour progression (based on the Clark model)
 - Benign melanocytic nevi: controlled proliferation of normal
resulting in a pre-malignant ... helps confine the cells ... cells to invade ... spread to other areas ... #Pathophysiology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
interventional radiology ... “big & sticky” cells ... plasmapheresis Hypercalcemia ... of malignancy: ... ± tocilizumab; call