27 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Elimination: • AKI ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Weakness - Dark urine ... + myoglobin AKI ... #treatment #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... #Causes #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... Pre-Renal: • Hypovolemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm