11 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... hematuria (RBC casts ... urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... severe cases ... may be in nephrotic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... #Interstitial #Nephritis ... #AIN #Algorithm
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
Lupus Nephritis ... > 500 mg/d • Nephritic ... dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts ... , WBC casts) especially ... 5%) #Lupus #Nephritis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... but can be seen in ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
cell/white cell casts ... clusters because nephritic ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #proteinuria #nephrotic ... #syndrome #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Acute increase in ... Epithelial cell casts ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology