40 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... basement membrane disease ... of glomerular disease ... BPH • Prostate cancer ... #causes #urology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... Minimal change disease ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... - Differential Diagnosis ... fibrosis, cervical cancer ... • Primary GNs: Disease ... #nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... , Infiltrative diseases ... #Causes #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
., Prostate cancer ... , Busulfan • Disease ... #differential #diagnosis ... kidney #blood #urine ... #management #treatment
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
granulomatous diseases ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Treatment is aimed ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... chronic kidney diseases ... colored compounds (e.g ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #diagnosis
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
IATROGENIC DISEASE ... • Malignancy (e.g ... , breast cancer, ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... #cardiology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... foreign body, cancer ... • Vasculitis (e.g ... #differential #causes