16 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... and referral to Urology ... if cause not identified ... #Workup #urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... microscopic and ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... , urine microscopy ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Differential #
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Epithelial cell casts ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology ... #Macroscopic #Differential ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Differential
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Young females Differential ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology