165 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified ... uw_IMresidency #Hematuria #Diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases ... #nephrology #sodium
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... → Diagnostic of ... #causes #urology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #nephrology #causes