29 results
diagnosis differential causes hyponatremia hypokalemia potassium sodium alkalosis metabolic table hypernatremia hypophosphatemia management treatment urine calcium cardiology chf chloride clinical
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... failure, liver cirrhosis ... and nephrotic syndrome ... and nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... , Medications (diuretics ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... diagnosis #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... , Cirrhosis, Cardiac ... #Causes #nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm High or Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... especially thiazide diuretics ... heart failure • Cirrhosis ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
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