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diagnosis hematology differential leukemia management mds myelodysplastic thrombocytosis approach classification cll lymphocytic myelodysplasia neutropenia normocytic platelets syndromes thrombocytopenia workup
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... and petechiae Causes ... anemia Treatment ... #Anemia #oncology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Blood Loss • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RBCs on Smear • Chronic ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... of Chronic Disease ... #Causes #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... dys- (abnormal) -plastic ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #hematology #oncology
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased WBCs - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Marrow Aplasia ... RA, SLE, PRV, Chronic ... #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic ... Anemia • Toxic ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Spurious: • Artifact (redo CBC) Autonomous: • Essential thrombocytosis • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... : • Acute or Chronic ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia ... #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... • Infections: Chronic
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) What? Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... • Anemia • Aplastic ... Marrow Failure • Chronic ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Chronic Lymphocytic ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... Pure red cell aplasia ... microglobulin Treatment ... diagnosis #workup #oncology
Causes of Neutropenia - Differential Diagnosis Neonate: - Infection - by far the most common cause -
hypertension and/or drug treatment ... Chediak-Higashi syndrome ... Megaloblastic anemia-rare ... white blood cell aplasia ... #hematology
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