21 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Signs ... Hemolysis: • Autoimmune ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... spherocytosis, Autoimmune ... Agglutinate: Cold autoimmune ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
- Differential Diagnosis ... deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Inflammatory and Autoimmune ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... #Hematology
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
Autoimmune Myositis ... can present with rash ... , Shaw sign, holster ... sign, and Gottron's ... #rheumatology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Folate deficiency, B12 ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... #hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
69% - Malar rash ... - Neurological 12% ... - Hemolytic anemia ... autoantibodies #signs ... #differential #rheumatology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... Chronic kidney disease ... • Hemolysis: Autoimmune ... Production #Index #hematology ... #diagnosis #calculation
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
pain (20%) Renal disease ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis ... #rheumatology
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
Multi-system autoimmune ... disease characterized ... skin thickening Signs ... Scleroderma #SSc #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #signs
ANTI-MDA5 DERMATOMYOSITIS

Cutaneous manifestations:
• Periorbital heliotrope (blue-purple) rash with edema
• Erythematous rash on the face, or the
chest (in a V-sign ... shoulders (in a shawl sign ... Inverse Gottron’s sign ... Dermatomyositis #rheumatology ... #dermatology #diagnosis