119 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... of Chronic Disease ... of Chronic Disease ... , Chronic Infection ... #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Spurious:
 • Artifact (redo CBC)
Autonomous:
 • Essential thrombocytosis
 • Polycythemia
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... Myelofibrosis Infectious ... disorders • Celiac disease ... effect following treatment ... Iron deficiency anemia
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
disease, Acute ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Alcohol use, Liver disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
loss), Vitamin B12 ... kidney disease, ... (e.g. cancer, infection ... G6PD deficiency), Infections ... Production #Index #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Deficiency • B12 ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Disease • Marrow ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... risk-stratification • Risks: infection ... #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... hemolysis, deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... : Chronic infections
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
to 8 years Clinical ... Autoimmunity • Chronic ... autoimmune hemolytic anemia ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... Elite athletes • Chronic ... Loss (without anaemia ... Pylori • Hookworm infection
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
immunophenotype Clinical ... Complications: 1) Infection ... chemotherapy for low-risk disease ... #hematology #hemeonc ... #diagnosis #management