28 results
diagnosis differential management algorithm autoimmune erythematosus hemolysis lupus symptoms causes disease leukemia mds myelodysplastic systemic thrombocytopenia workup activation agglutinin aiha
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... #Anemia #hematology
Differential diagnosis of schistocytes / fragmentation hemolysis: • Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) - TTP
syndrome (ST-HUS ... crisis • Severe B12 ... anemia" • HELLP ... syndrome • Catastrophic ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... uremic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment Warm AIHA: 1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... azathioprine Cold ... #Anemia #AIHA # ... Treatment #management ... #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... autoimmune hemolytic ... cold hemoglobinuria ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... diagnosis: 70 years old ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... genotypes): SS, SC, SE ... Agglutination - Cold ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
Agglutinin Syndrome ... • Symptoms of anemia ... Diagnosis: • hemolytic ... anemia • Cold ... #anemia #hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology
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