21 results
diagnosis differential management symptoms algorithm causes disease erythematosus hemolysis lupus mds myelodysplastic systemic thrombocytopenia workup agglutinin aiha aplastic atlas autoantibodies
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Autoimmune Hemolytic ... #Anemia #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... uremic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment Warm AIHA: 1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... azathioprine Cold ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #management #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Megakaryopoiesis • B12 ... • ITP • SLE ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... hemolytic anemia ... autoimmune hemolytic ... cold hemoglobinuria ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Inflammatory and Autoimmune ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... genotypes): SS, SC, SE ... Agglutination - Cold ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
Agglutinin Syndrome ... Viral infection, autoimmune ... anemia • Cold ... CLL (older) • Autoimmune ... #anemia #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework 1) Environment - Fragmentation - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Membrane): - Autoimmune ... : Warm AIHA, Cold ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... diagnosis: 70 years old ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... only curative treatment ... #hematology #oncology
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